NextCloud
NextCloud adalah solusi penyimpanan cloud self-hosted open-source gratis. Secara fungsional mirip dengan Dropbox. Solusi penyimpanan cloud eksklusif (Dropbox, Google Drive, dll.) memang nyaman, tetapi dengan harga tertentu: solusi tersebut dapat digunakan untuk mengumpulkan data pribadi karena file Anda disimpan di komputer mereka. Jika Anda khawatir tentang privasi, Anda dapat beralih ke NextCloud, yang dapat Anda instal di server rumah pribadi Anda atau di server pribadi virtual (VPS). Anda dapat mengunggah file Anda ke server Anda melalui NextCloud dan kemudian menyinkronkan file-file itu ke komputer desktop, laptop, atau ponsel cerdas Anda. Dengan cara ini Anda memiliki kontrol penuh atas data Anda.
NextCloud Features
- Gratis dan sumber terbuka
- Enkripsi ujung ke ujung, artinya file dapat dienkripsi pada perangkat klien sebelum diunggah ke server, jadi meskipun seseorang mencuri server Anda, mereka tidak dapat membaca file Anda.
- Dapat diintegrasikan dengan suite office online (Collobora Online, OnlyOffice) sehingga Anda dapat membuat dan mengedit file doc, ppt, xls langsung dari NextCloud.
- App store berisi ratusan aplikasi untuk memperluas fungsionalitas (seperti aplikasi kalender, aplikasi kontak, aplikasi pencatat, aplikasi konferensi video, dll).
- Klien sinkronisasi tersedia di Linux, macOS, Windows, iOS, dan android.
Installasi
Download NextCloud on Ubuntu 20.04
Log into your Ubuntu 20.04 server. Then download the NextCloud zip archive onto your server. The latest stable version is 21.0.1 at time of this writing. You may need to change the version number. Go to https://nextcloud.com/install and click the download for server button to see the latest version.
You can run the following command to download it on your server.
wget https://download.nextcloud.com/server/releases/nextcloud-21.0.1.zip
You can always use the above URL format to download NextCloud. If a new version comes out, simply replace 21.0.1 with the new version number.
Once downloaded, extract the archive with unzip.
sudo apt install unzip
sudo unzip nextcloud-21.0.1.zip -d /usr/share/nginx/
The -d option specifies the target directory. NextCloud web files will be extracted to /usr/share/nginx/nextcloud/. Then we need to change the owner of this directory to www-data so that the web server (Nginx) can write to this directory.
sudo chown www-data:www-data /usr/share/nginx/nextcloud/ -R
Create a Database and User for Nextcloud in MariaDB Database Server
Log into MariaDB database server with the following command. Since MariaDB is now using unix_socket plugin to authentication user login, there’s no need to enter MariaDB root password. We just need to prefix the mysql command with sudo.
sudo mysql
Then create a database for Nextcloud. This tutorial name the database nextcloud. You can use whatever name you like.
create database nextcloud;
Create the database user. Again, you can use your preferred name for this user. Replace your-password with your preferred password.
create user [/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection [email protected]] identified by 'your-password';
Grant this user all privileges on the nextcloud database.
grant all privileges on nextcloud.* to [/cdn-cgi/l/email-protection [email protected]] identified by 'your-password';
Flush privileges and exit.
flush privileges;
exit;
Create a Nginx Config File for Nextcloud
Create a nextcloud.conf file in /etc/nginx/conf.d/ directory, with a command-line text editor like Nano.
sudo vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/nextcloud.conf
Copy and paste the following text into the file. Replace nextcloud.example.com with your own preferred sub-domain. Don’t forget to create DNS A record for this sub-domain in your DNS zone editor. If you don’t have a real domain name, I recommend going to NameCheap to buy one. The price is low and they give whois privacy protection free for life.
server {
listen 80;
listen [::]:80;
server_name nextcloud.example.com;
# Add headers to serve security related headers
add_header X-Content-Type-Options nosniff;
add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block";
add_header X-Robots-Tag none;
add_header X-Download-Options noopen;
add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies none;
add_header Referrer-Policy no-referrer;
#I found this header is needed on Ubuntu, but not on Arch Linux.
add_header X-Frame-Options "SAMEORIGIN";
# Path to the root of your installation
root /usr/share/nginx/nextcloud/;
access_log /var/log/nginx/nextcloud.access;
error_log /var/log/nginx/nextcloud.error;
location = /robots.txt {
allow all;
log_not_found off;
access_log off;
}
# The following 2 rules are only needed for the user_webfinger app.
# Uncomment it if you're planning to use this app.
#rewrite ^/.well-known/host-meta /public.php?service=host-meta last;
#rewrite ^/.well-known/host-meta.json /public.php?service=host-meta-json
# last;
location = /.well-known/carddav {
return 301 $scheme://$host/remote.php/dav;
}
location = /.well-known/caldav {
return 301 $scheme://$host/remote.php/dav;
}
location ~ /.well-known/acme-challenge {
allow all;
}
# set max upload size
client_max_body_size 512M;
fastcgi_buffers 64 4K;
# Disable gzip to avoid the removal of the ETag header
gzip off;
# Uncomment if your server is build with the ngx_pagespeed module
# This module is currently not supported.
#pagespeed off;
error_page 403 /core/templates/403.php;
error_page 404 /core/templates/404.php;
location / {
rewrite ^ /index.php;
}
location ~ ^/(?:build|tests|config|lib|3rdparty|templates|data)/ {
deny all;
}
location ~ ^/(?:\.|autotest|occ|issue|indie|db_|console) {
deny all;
}
location ~ ^/(?:index|remote|public|cron|core/ajax/update|status|ocs/v[12]|updater/.+|ocs-provider/.+|core/templates/40[34])\.php(?:$|/) {
include fastcgi_params;
fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+\.php)(/.*)$;
try_files $fastcgi_script_name =404;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param PATH_INFO $fastcgi_path_info;
#Avoid sending the security headers twice
fastcgi_param modHeadersAvailable true;
fastcgi_param front_controller_active true;
fastcgi_pass unix:/run/php/php7.4-fpm.sock;
fastcgi_intercept_errors on;
fastcgi_request_buffering off;
}
location ~ ^/(?:updater|ocs-provider)(?:$|/) {
try_files $uri/ =404;
index index.php;
}
# Adding the cache control header for js and css files
# Make sure it is BELOW the PHP block
location ~* \.(?:css|js)$ {
try_files $uri /index.php$uri$is_args$args;
add_header Cache-Control "public, max-age=7200";
# Add headers to serve security related headers (It is intended to
# have those duplicated to the ones above)
add_header X-Content-Type-Options nosniff;
add_header X-XSS-Protection "1; mode=block";
add_header X-Robots-Tag none;
add_header X-Download-Options noopen;
add_header X-Permitted-Cross-Domain-Policies none;
add_header Referrer-Policy no-referrer;
# Optional: Don't log access to assets
access_log off;
}
location ~* \.(?:svg|gif|png|html|ttf|woff|ico|jpg|jpeg)$ {
try_files $uri /index.php$uri$is_args$args;
# Optional: Don't log access to other assets
access_log off;
}
}
Save and close the file. (To save a file in Nano text editor, press Ctrl+O, then press Enter to confirm. To exit, press Ctrl+X.)
Then test Nginx configuration.
sudo nginx -t
If the test is successful, reload Nginx for the changes to take effect.
sudo systemctl reload nginx
Install and Enable PHP Modules
Run the following commands to install PHP modules required or recommended by NextCloud.
sudo apt install imagemagick php-imagick php7.4-common php7.4-mysql php7.4-fpm php7.4-gd php7.4-json php7.4-curl php7.4-zip php7.4-xml php7.4-mbstring php7.4-bz2 php7.4-intl php7.4-bcmath php7.4-gmp
Terkait
- NextCloud:Disable server-side-encryption
- NextCloud:Install di LAMP Stack
- NextCloud: Install Collabora